Knee Pain
The knee joint is a complex structure comprising bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, and fluid-filled sacs (bursae). Knee pain can present as a dull ache, sharp twinges, swelling, or stiffness. It may result from a range of issues, including ligament sprains, meniscus tears, arthritis, or patellofemoral syndrome.
Common Knee Injuries
Meniscus Tear
The menisci are C-shaped cartilage discs that cushion the knee joint. A meniscus tear can occur due to twisting or rotational movements of the knee, leading to pain, swelling, and limited range of motion.
Patellar Tendinitis (Jumper's Knee)
Patellar tendinitis is inflammation of the patellar tendon, which connects the kneecap (patella) to the shinbone (tibia). It is often seen in athletes involved in jumping and running sports, causing pain just below the kneecap.
Iliotibial (IT) Band Syndrome
IT band syndrome is an overuse injury that affects the iliotibial band, a thick band of connective tissue running along the outer side of the thigh. It can cause pain on the outer aspect of the knee and may radiate up the thigh.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Tear
The ACL is one of the major ligaments in the knee that helps stabilize the joint. An ACL tear is a common sports-related injury, often occurring during sudden stops, changes in direction, or direct impact to the knee. It can cause significant pain, swelling, and instability in the knee.
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
Patellofemoral pain syndrome is characterized by pain around or behind the kneecap, especially during activities that involve bending the knee, such as running, squatting, or stair climbing.
Osteoarthritis of the Knee
Knee arthritis is a degenerative joint condition characterized by the gradual wearing down of the cartilage that cushions the knee joint. It is the most common form of arthritis and is more prevalent in older adults, though it can also affect younger individuals due to previous injuries or overuse.